Quality Assurance in Moroccan Higher Education: A Critical Assessment and Perspectives for Improvement

Abstract

Quality assurance (QA) has become a central component of higher education reforms, particularly in countries engaged in the modernization and internationalization of their university systems. In Morocco, several institutional and regulatory reforms have been implemented to enhance the quality of academic programs, improve university governance, and promote a quality culture within higher education institutions.

This article analyzes the dynamics of quality assurance in Moroccan higher education by examining its theoretical foundations, institutional framework, and the main quality assurance mechanisms currently in place. The study adopts a qualitative approach based on a documentary analysis of scientific literature, regulatory texts, and institutional reports related to quality assurance.

The findings highlight significant progress, particularly in the institutionalization of quality assurance, the establishment of the National Agency for Assessment and Quality Assurance in Higher Education and Scientific Research (ANEAQ), and the development of evaluation and accreditation mechanisms. However, several challenges remain, including the massification of higher education, disparities among institutions, and difficulties in the effective appropriation of quality assurance practices. The study shows that the effectiveness of quality assurance mechanisms largely depends on their integration into university governance practices and the active involvement of stakeholders.

JEL Classification: I23, I21, I28

Paper type: Theoretical Research