Human resource management in the era of artificial intelligence: A literature review

Abstract

In an economic and organizational context marked by rapid digitalization, intensified competition, and evolving employee expectations, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a major strategic lever for organizational transformation. Initially focused on industrial and logistical functions, its scope of application has now expanded to human resource management (HRM), where it is profoundly reshaping practices and operational models. The integration of AI into HRM enables the automation of repetitive and time-consuming tasks, such as resume screening and shortlisting, leave management, and payroll processing. Beyond this operational dimension, AI also strengthens the strategic role of HR through predictive analytics, which can anticipate employee turnover, assess development potential, and evaluate the effectiveness of training programs. Recommendation systems and natural language processing (NLP) further offer new possibilities for personalizing learning paths, enhancing the employee experience, and fostering organizational engagement. Thus, AI goes beyond mere process optimization; it acts as a driver of modernization and innovation in talent management. It paves the way for more objective, data-driven decision-making, while also raising ethical and organizational challenges related to transparency, fairness, and employee acceptance. This article presents an integrative literature review that combines quantitative, qualitative, and theoretical studies to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on the transformation and modernization of HRM practices, highlighting its contributions, limitations, and the prospects it offers for the future of businesses.

Classification JEL : O15, Q55.

Paper type : Theoretical Research