From Economic Intelligence to Territorial Economic Intelligence: Conceptual Foundations, Governance Mechanisms and Challenges for Territorial Development

Abstract

In a context characterized by globalization, increasing competition among territories and the expansion of the knowledge economy, Territorial Economic Intelligence (TEI) has progressively emerged as a strategic approach to territorial governance and development. Despite the growing interest in this field, the literature remains fragmented, reflecting diverse definitions, heterogeneous theoretical perspectives and the absence of a consensual conceptual framework. This fragmentation limits a comprehensive understanding of the conceptual foundations of TEI and the mechanisms through which it contributes to territorial development.

This article presents a conceptual literature review aimed at clarifying the theoretical foundations of Territorial Economic Intelligence by examining the evolution of Economic Intelligence and its adaptation to the territorial level. The study is based on a critical analysis of the main academic contributions in order to compare the different conceptualizations of Economic Intelligence and Territorial Economic Intelligence, identify the theoretical perspectives underpinning the field and analyse the lessons derived from major international experiences.

The analysis demonstrates that Territorial Economic Intelligence should not be understood merely as the territorial application of Economic Intelligence. Rather, it represents a conceptual evolution grounded in the articulation of several complementary theoretical perspectives, including Economic Intelligence, territorial development theories, network theory, the knowledge economy and territorial governance. Furthermore, the comparative review of international experiences highlights the importance of collaborative governance, stakeholder coordination and strategic information sharing, while showing that the implementation of TEI depends largely on institutional, political and territorial contexts.

The main contribution of this article lies in proposing an integrated conceptual framework that connects the evolution of Economic Intelligence, the theoretical foundations of Territorial Economic Intelligence and the lessons drawn from international experiences. By synthesizing and critically discussing the existing literature, the study contributes to strengthening the theoretical structuring of the field and provides an analytical framework that may support both future research and territorial governance initiatives, particularly in countries engaged in decentralization, regionalization and territorial development processes.

JEL Classification: R58, O18, D83.

Paper type: Theoretical Research.