The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Public Administration Management

Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into public administrations has become a major driver of modernization, rationalization, and performance improvement in the public sector. This theoretical article analyzes the main effects of AI on public management through an extensive narrative review of recent scientific and institutional literature. The findings indicate that AI enhances operational efficiency, reduces administrative costs, automates key processes, and strengthens transparency and traceability within public organizations. The study also highlights the growing importance of AI-based governance tools, such as predictive analytics, decision-support systems, and conversational agents designed to improve citizen engagement. However, this transformation comes with significant challenges, including ethical risks, algorithmic biases, data protection concerns, and potential technological dependency. It also requires a profound reconfiguration of the skills and roles of public servants. This article contributes to theoretical debates on digital governance by proposing a multidimensional analytical framework that explains how AI simultaneously affects performance, governance, and operational effectiveness in public administrations. Lastly, it offers policy recommendations and suggests future research avenues focused on empirically assessing AI’s impact in diverse administrative contexts.

JEL Classification: H83, M4

Paper type: Theoretical Research