Measuring the Real Impact of Entrepreneurial Support Programs in Morocco: A Conceptual Framework through the Quintuple Helix Model and Artificial Intelligence Integration

Résumé

Abstract

Despite the growing mobilisation of public and private resources to support entrepreneurship in emerging economies, the absence of rigorous, systemic evaluation frameworks constitutes a major gap in the academic literature on entrepreneurial policy particularly in the MENA region, where fragmented monitoring systems and short-term output metrics prevail. This article addresses this gap by proposing an integrated conceptual framework that combines the Quintuple Innovation Helix (QIH) model (Carayannis & Campbell, 2010) with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to evaluate the real impact of entrepreneurial support programs in Morocco. Drawing on a systematic literature review and comparative framework analysis, the study maps each of the five helices (university, industry, government, civil society, and natural environment) to specific evaluation dimensions and corresponding AI tools (natural language processing, predictive analytics, sentiment analysis, remote sensing). The resulting QIH–AI framework provides a multi-dimensional, dynamic evaluation architecture capable of capturing economic, social, and ecological outcomes simultaneously. The article concludes with strategic recommendations for policymakers and a research agenda for empirical validation of the framework.

JEL Classification: O31; O38; L26; Q01; O55

Article type: Conceptual/Theoretical