Dynamics of urban growth and challenges of territorial governance in Morocco: between challenges and perspectives

Résumé

This paper examines the dynamics of urban growth and the challenges of territorial governance in three major Moroccan cities: Rabat, Casablanca, and Tangier. Drawing on a panel data set spanning the period from 2010 to 2023, we employ an econometric model using the ordinary least squares (OLS) method to examine the impact of multiple socio-economic variables on urban growth. The study primarily focuses on the role of local governance, public investment, unemployment, and access to basic services as key explanatory variables. Our findings highlight that territorial governance exerts a strong and statistically significant positive effect on urban growth. Similarly, public investments appear to be a powerful driver of urban development by stimulating infrastructure expansion and local economic activities. Access to essential urban services such as healthcare, education, and transportation also plays a vital role in enhancing urban dynamics and reducing spatial inequalities.

Conversely, the results indicate that high unemployment rates continue to constrain urban expansion, underscoring the importance of inclusive labor market policies. The comparison between the three cities reveals that Tangier, benefiting from large-scale infrastructure projects such as the Tangier Med Port, experiences a more dynamic urban growth compared to Casablanca and Rabat.

This research provides policy-relevant into the mechanisms of urban transformation in Morocco. It suggests that strengthening governance structures, improving coordination between territorial actors, and increasing investment in basic services are essential for sustainable and equitable urban development. The findings contribute to a better understanding of urbanization processes in the global south, and inform strategies to foster resilient and inclusive cities.

Classification JEL: R11, R58, H70, O18, C23, R13

Paper type: Empirical Research