ZAKI, Hind, et Mostafa EL HACHLOUFI. « A Smart Model for Reducing Gharar in Agricultural Salam Contracts: Using Artificial Intelligence and Geographic Information Systems in Islamic Finance ». International Journal of Accounting, Finance, Auditing, Management and Economics 7, no. 11 (septembre 18, 2026): 593–613. Consulté le septembre 18, 2026. https://ijafame.org/index.php/ijafame/article/view/2651.