Energies fossiles, énergies renouvelables et efficience de la production dans la région MENA et au Maroc : une analyse par la méthode de la frontière stochastique

Résumé

This article aims to assess the technical efficiency of national production in a selected sample of MENA countries, with a specific focus on Morocco. The central research question investigates the capacity of these countries to efficiently utilize energy and productive resources to support economic growth while minimizing waste and inefficiencies.

To address this question, we employed an econometric approach based on the Cobb-Douglas production function and the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). The study covers the period 2000–2020 and incorporates seven inputs : capital, labor, land, renewable energy consumption, oil, gas, and coal consumption. The real GDP is used as a proxy for national output.

The findings reveal significant efficiency gaps among the countries analyzed. Morocco records a high average efficiency score of 0.96, outperforming other countries in the sample, which supports the success of its energy transition strategy. In contrast, fossil fuel-rich countries exhibit notable inefficiencies. Renewable energy has a positive and significant impact on Morocco’s output, whereas fossil energy sources show more mixed effects across the region.

JEL Classification : Q47 ; O13 ; C23 ;Q32

Paper type: Empirical Research