Artificial Intelligence (AI) for energy transition : Towards intelligent and sustainable electrical infrastructures in Morocco

Abstract

The Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) project, launched by the National Office of Electricity and Potable Water (ONEE) in 2016, aims to modernize the Moroccan electrical grid through the deployment of smart meters. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) promises to optimize grid management, integrate renewables, improve energy efficiency and reduce national energy consumption, but this integration raises major challenges that could compromise its success.

This study examines the AI practices implemented in the Casablanca AMI pilot site. It assesses the level of AI maturity and ONEE's commitment to its integration. It also proposes concrete recommendations for modernizing the national electricity Grid by using the potential of responsible and sustainable AI.

Our methodological approach combines a literature review and semi-structured interviews with ONEE leaders. The results reveal a significant mastery of AI and a high level of commitment to its integration. The study highlights regulatory, ethical, technological, economic, social, and environmental challenges.

While limited to the Casablanca pilot site and the perspectives of ONEE leaders, this study provides valuable insights into the potential of AI in modernizing Morocco's electricity infrastructure. It offers concrete recommendations for the responsible and successful integration of AI into Morocco's energy sector and highlights the need for interdisciplinary research to deepen our understanding of the challenges and opportunities of AI in accelerating the energy transition in Morocco.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Energy Transition, Sustainable Development, Smart Meters, Energy Efficiency.

JEL Classification: M14, Q01, G30

Paper type: Empirical Research